{ "generated_at": "2026-10-19T04:26:58+00:00", "lakes": [ { "id": "baraadsar", "name": "Baraadsar Lake", "name_hi": "बराडसर झील", "lat": 31.2308, "lon": 78.2108, "aoi_radius_m": 1200, "district": "Kinnaur", "basin": "Baspa / Rupin", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; named Baraadsar Lake in OpenStreetMap.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 78400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8000.0, "coverage": 0.366, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 96100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7900.0, "coverage": 0.906, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 60100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6600.0, "coverage": 0.0, "scenes_clear": 2 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 90700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 90700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8000.0, "coverage": 0.992, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 17400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10400.0, "coverage": 0.327, "scenes_clear": 1 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 81800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7800.0, "coverage": 0.998, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 90500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7600.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 96600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7900.0, "coverage": 0.831, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 92900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7800.0, "coverage": 0.746, "scenes_clear": 2, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_43RGQ_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_44RKV_20260925_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 78400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8000.0, "coverage": 0.366, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 92900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7800.0, "coverage": 0.746, "scenes_clear": 2 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-09-25", "score": 12.6, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 1136251, "peak_discharge_m3s": 1166, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 1166, "peak_severe_m3s": 1166, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 1166, "peak_severe_m3s": 1166, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1166, "severe": 1166 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/230454290", "lon": 78.078322, "lat": 31.211765, "km": 18.09, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 37.5, "arrival_min_fast": 30.0, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": null, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 2 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 0 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "frozen_or_snow", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "baspa-sangla-north", "name": "Lake north of Sangla (Baspa)", "name_hi": "सांगला के उत्तर की झील (बस्पा)", "lat": 31.3396, "lon": 78.2539, "aoi_radius_m": 1500, "district": "Kinnaur", "basin": "Baspa (Sutlej)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; no name in OpenStreetMap. Kinnaur's Sangla area lakes are among those the state has proposed for early warning.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 119600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11500.0, "coverage": 0.566, "scenes_clear": 2 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 115800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 12100.0, "coverage": 0.9, "scenes_clear": 4 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 75800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9700.0, "coverage": 0.276, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 108700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11900.0, "coverage": 0.95, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 124800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 12000.0, "coverage": 0.99, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 123300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 12500.0, "coverage": 0.978, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 102600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 13200.0, "coverage": 0.954, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 124900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 13200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 132900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 13500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 124900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 13600.0, "coverage": 0.993, "scenes_clear": 5, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_44RKV_20260816_0_L2A", "S2C_44RKV_20260910_0_L2A", "S2B_44RKV_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_44RKV_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_44RKV_20260925_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-16", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 119600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11500.0, "coverage": 0.566, "scenes_clear": 2 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 124900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 13600.0, "coverage": 0.993, "scenes_clear": 5 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-09-25", "score": 16.6, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 1795362, "peak_discharge_m3s": 1766, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 1486, "peak_severe_m3s": 1766, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.5, "peak_expected_m3s": 1486, "peak_severe_m3s": 1766, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1486, "severe": 1766 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Anmesharas", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/7841061571", "lon": 78.272055, "lat": 31.419693, "km": 12.72, "lateral_m": 124, "arrival_min_expected": 26.6, "arrival_min_fast": 21.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Anmesharas", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/7841061571", "lon": 78.272055, "lat": 31.419693, "km": 12.72, "lateral_m": 124, "arrival_min_expected": 26.6, "arrival_min_fast": 21.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 1, "at_risk": 1 }, "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 18, "at_risk": 6 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 4, "at_risk": 0 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 0 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "frozen_or_snow", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "baspa-sangla-south", "name": "Lake south of Sangla (Baspa)", "name_hi": "सांगला के दक्षिण की झील (बस्पा)", "lat": 31.2601, "lon": 78.2548, "aoi_radius_m": 1500, "district": "Kinnaur", "basin": "Baspa (Sutlej)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; no name in OpenStreetMap. Drains to the Baspa, past the Baspa and Karcham Wangtoo hydro projects, into the Sutlej.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 117600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 12200.0, "coverage": 0.65, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 107500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 17300.0, "coverage": 0.811, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 114500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10000.0, "coverage": 0.402, "scenes_clear": 4 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 137300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10700.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 141300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10500.0, "coverage": 0.986, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 50200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5700.0, "coverage": 0.0, "scenes_clear": 2 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 138900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10800.0, "coverage": 0.986, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 141800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10700.0, "coverage": 0.999, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 144600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10900.0, "coverage": 0.975, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 141500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10800.0, "coverage": 0.911, "scenes_clear": 2, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_44RKV_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_44RKV_20260925_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 117600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 12200.0, "coverage": 0.65, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 141500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10800.0, "coverage": 0.911, "scenes_clear": 2 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-09-25", "score": 17.0, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 2143421, "peak_discharge_m3s": 2115, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 1632, "peak_severe_m3s": 2115, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 1632, "peak_severe_m3s": 2115, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1632, "severe": 2115 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "dodra kwar road", "name_hi": null, "kind": "road", "subkind": "tertiary", "osm": "way/230454291", "lon": 78.078505, "lat": 31.211651, "km": 24.29, "lateral_m": 21, "arrival_min_expected": 50.5, "arrival_min_fast": 40.4, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": null, "exposed_counts": { "road": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 0 }, "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 1 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "frozen_or_snow", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "beas-kund", "name": "Beas Kund", "name_hi": "ब्यास कुंड", "lat": 32.36651, "lon": 77.08555, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Kullu", "basin": "Beas", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from OSM relation 6033203; not confirmed from imagery (aahat discover found no open water of 2000 m2 or more within 1.5 km in 2025 Sentinel-2, likely small, frozen or snow-covered).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6033203" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 7, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_43SFR_20260826_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260925_1_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260930_0_L2A", "S2A_43SFR_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20261005_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-26", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-09-30", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, "latest": { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 6 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2019-10-27", "score": 0.0, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 3052, "peak_discharge_m3s": 51, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 51, "peak_severe_m3s": 51, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 151.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 51, "peak_severe_m3s": 51, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 51, "severe": 51 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/582038424", "lon": 77.130577, "lat": 32.351353, "km": 6.17, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 13.0, "arrival_min_fast": 10.4, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Kharal", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/8630838126", "lon": 77.191177, "lat": 32.192138, "km": 30.89, "lateral_m": 73, "arrival_min_expected": 64.6, "arrival_min_fast": 51.7, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 28, "at_risk": 35 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 2 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 32, "at_risk": 0 }, "health": { "in_flood_path": 1, "at_risk": 2 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 7 }, "school": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 2 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "too_small", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "bhrigu-lake", "name": "Bhrigu Lake", "name_hi": "भृगु झील", "lat": 32.29333, "lon": 77.24248, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Kullu", "basin": "Beas", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from OSM way 402138654 and checked against 2025 Sentinel-2 (0.0094 km2).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/402138654" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 4 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1200.0, "coverage": 0.722, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 6500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 6800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 5500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1800.0, "coverage": 0.462, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 5900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1700.0, "coverage": 0.899, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 5800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1600.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 9700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 2400.0, "coverage": 0.855, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 5700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1900.0, "coverage": 0.965, "scenes_clear": 7, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_43SGR_20260826_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260910_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20260925_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260930_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGR_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20261005_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-26", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-09-30", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1200.0, "coverage": 0.722, "scenes_clear": 7 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 5700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1900.0, "coverage": 0.965, "scenes_clear": 7 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-05", "score": 0.0, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 22407, "peak_discharge_m3s": 146, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 146, "peak_severe_m3s": 146, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 146, "peak_severe_m3s": 146, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 146, "severe": 146 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Manali-Leh", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/406136391", "lon": 77.181045, "lat": 32.306304, "km": 7.22, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 15.1, "arrival_min_fast": 12.1, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Bahang", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "village", "osm": "node/864470967", "lon": 77.181144, "lat": 32.275625, "km": 11.38, "lateral_m": 207, "arrival_min_expected": 23.4, "arrival_min_fast": 18.8, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 28, "at_risk": 29 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 32, "at_risk": 0 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 8 }, "health": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 2 }, "school": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 2 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 0 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "too_small", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "chandra-tal", "name": "Chandra Tal", "name_hi": "चंद्रताल", "lat": 32.4825, "lon": 77.6146, "aoi_radius_m": 1500, "district": "Lahaul and Spiti", "basin": "Chandra (Chenab)", "kind": "moraine-dammed", "notes": "Seed from OSM way 40003601.", "sources": [ "https://telanganatoday.com/iit-researchers-identify-nine-rapidly-expanding-glacial-lakes-in-himachal", 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"as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 19.2, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 11011541, "peak_discharge_m3s": 11170, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 3886, "peak_severe_m3s": 11170, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.25, "peak_expected_m3s": 3886, "peak_severe_m3s": 11170, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 3886, "severe": 11170 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Batal Bridge", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/169467484", "lon": 77.619677, "lat": 32.358656, "km": 16.57, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 34.4, "arrival_min_fast": 27.5, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Chhatru", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/4547791440", "lon": 77.365342, "lat": 32.319454, "km": 53.91, "lateral_m": 44, "arrival_min_expected": 112.5, "arrival_min_fast": 90.0, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 11, "at_risk": 14 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 7, "at_risk": 2 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 3 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.008, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "dashair-lake", "name": "Dashair Lake", "name_hi": "दशैर झील", "lat": 32.37516, "lon": 77.22409, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Kullu", "basin": "Beas", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from OSM way 584229179 (Dashaur Lake) and checked against 2025 Sentinel-2 (0.005 km2).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/584229179" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1700.0, "coverage": 0.871, "scenes_clear": 4 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 5400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1800.0, "coverage": 0.611, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1600.0, "coverage": 0.319, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 2500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 4700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1800.0, "coverage": 0.919, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 6200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 2200.0, "coverage": 0.645, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 4400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1700.0, "coverage": 0.957, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 4200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1600.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 5000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1600.0, "coverage": 0.726, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "partial", 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"peak_severe_m3s": 116, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.25, "peak_expected_m3s": 116, "peak_severe_m3s": 116, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 116, "severe": 116 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/849483632", "lon": 77.188003, "lat": 32.317413, "km": 8.64, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 18.2, "arrival_min_fast": 14.6, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Kharal", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/8630838126", "lon": 77.191177, "lat": 32.192138, "km": 26.42, "lateral_m": 73, "arrival_min_expected": 55.2, "arrival_min_fast": 44.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 34, "at_risk": 23 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 34, "at_risk": 0 }, "health": { "in_flood_path": 1, "at_risk": 2 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 7 }, "school": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 2 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 2 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "too_small", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "dhankar-lake", "name": "Dhankar Lake", "name_hi": "धनकर झील", "lat": 32.09096, "lon": 78.22801, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Lahaul and Spiti", "basin": "Spiti (Sutlej)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from OSM way 41802008 (Dhankar Tso) and checked against 2025 Sentinel-2 (0.0101 km2).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/41802008" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 15700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4300.0, "coverage": 0.678, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 11700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 2800.0, 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V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1281, "severe": 1327 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Manali-Leh", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/633893411", "lon": 77.434328, "lat": 32.797707, "km": 12.73, "lateral_m": 519, "arrival_min_expected": 26.6, "arrival_min_fast": 21.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "first_settlement": null, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 14, "at_risk": 4 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 4, "at_risk": 0 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.226, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "gepang-gath", "name": "Gepang Gath", "name_hi": "घेपन घाट झील", "lat": 32.5237, "lon": 77.2218, "aoi_radius_m": 3000, "district": "Lahaul and Spiti", "basin": "Chandra (Chenab)", "kind": "proglacial", "notes": "Named among critical hotspots in the MHA GLOF review (Sept 2026) and among nine rapidly expanding lakes in the IIT Mandi study. Seed point located from 2025 Sentinel-2 imagery with `aahat discover`.", "sources": [ "https://argusenglish.in/weather-calamities/195-glof-ticking-in-india-govt-pulls-up-socks-for-202730-risk-window-special-report", "https://telanganatoday.com/iit-researchers-identify-nine-rapidly-expanding-glacial-lakes-in-himachal" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 858400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 37500.0, "coverage": 0.942, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 877300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 35600.0, "coverage": 0.986, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 900700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 35900.0, "coverage": 0.995, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 931900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 36300.0, "coverage": 0.999, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 959900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 36800.0, "coverage": 0.995, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 990200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 38900.0, "coverage": 0.998, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1010000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 39700.0, "coverage": 0.996, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1028500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 40300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1068800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 40500.0, "coverage": 0.997, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1084400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 41100.0, "coverage": 0.996, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_43SGS_20260816_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260826_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20260912_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260925_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-16", "2026-08-26", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 858400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 37500.0, "coverage": 0.942, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1084400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 41100.0, "coverage": 0.996, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 61.5, "level": "very_high", "volume_m3": 38636915, "peak_discharge_m3s": 40038, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 7559, "peak_severe_m3s": 40038, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 7559, "peak_severe_m3s": 40038, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 7559, "severe": 40038 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Manali-Leh", "name_hi": null, "kind": "road", "subkind": "trunk", "osm": "way/42020631", "lon": 77.125888, "lat": 32.481553, "km": 11.53, "lateral_m": 15, "arrival_min_expected": 24.0, "arrival_min_fast": 19.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Thirot", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/10928951156", "lon": 76.777635, "lat": 32.660759, "km": 64.08, "lateral_m": 105, "arrival_min_expected": 133.3, "arrival_min_fast": 106.7, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "road": { "in_flood_path": 7, "at_risk": 4 }, "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 17, "at_risk": 11 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 5 }, "school": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.035, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "kareri-lake", "name": "Kareri Lake", "name_hi": "करेरी झील", "lat": 32.32564, "lon": 76.27384, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Kangra", "basin": "Nyund (Beas)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from OSM way 45019042; not confirmed from imagery (aahat discover found no open water of 2000 m2 or more within 1.5 km in 2025 Sentinel-2, likely small, frozen or snow-covered).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/45019042" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1300.0, "coverage": 0.68, "scenes_clear": 7, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_43SFR_20260824_0_L2A", "S2A_43SFR_20260905_1_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260918_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260923_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20261003_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20261008_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20261018_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-24", "2026-09-05", "2026-09-18", "2026-09-23", "2026-10-03", "2026-10-08", "2026-10-18" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2026, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1300.0, "coverage": 0.68, "scenes_clear": 7 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 2700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1300.0, "coverage": 0.68, "scenes_clear": 7 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-18", "score": 0.0, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 7755, "peak_discharge_m3s": 83, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 83, "peak_severe_m3s": 83, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 84.25, "peak_expected_m3s": 83, "peak_severe_m3s": 83, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 83, "severe": 83 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Iron Bridge", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "footbridge", "osm": "way/60893063", "lon": 76.275062, "lat": 32.302357, "km": 3.13, "lateral_m": 30, "arrival_min_expected": 6.8, "arrival_min_fast": 5.4, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Dhrakala", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "village", "osm": "node/570749137", "lon": 76.28715, "lat": 32.273348, "km": 9.65, "lateral_m": 112, "arrival_min_expected": 20.3, "arrival_min_fast": 16.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 7, "at_risk": 7 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 1, "at_risk": 0 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 3 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 2 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "not_found", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "kashang", "name": "Lake above Kashang", "name_hi": "कशांग के ऊपर की झील", "lat": 31.5222, "lon": 78.3829, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Kinnaur", "basin": "Kashang (Sutlej)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; no name in OpenStreetMap. Drains through Kashang khad, past the Kashang hydro project, into the Sutlej.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 35600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4800.0, "coverage": 0.903, "scenes_clear": 1 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 44700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5300.0, "coverage": 0.995, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 50400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 45700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 44000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 49300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6000.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 52800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 57900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6600.0, "coverage": 0.996, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 55500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 54500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7300.0, "coverage": 0.955, "scenes_clear": 5, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_44RKV_20260816_0_L2A", "S2C_44RKV_20260910_0_L2A", "S2B_44RKV_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_44RKV_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_44RKV_20260925_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-16", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 35600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4800.0, "coverage": 0.903, "scenes_clear": 1 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 54500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7300.0, "coverage": 0.955, "scenes_clear": 5 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-09-25", "score": 17.3, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 552989, "peak_discharge_m3s": 796, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 796, "peak_severe_m3s": 796, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.25, "peak_expected_m3s": 796, "peak_severe_m3s": 796, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 796, "severe": 796 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Akpa Bridge", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/1082637279", "lon": 78.38982, "lat": 31.581403, "km": 10.91, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 22.9, "arrival_min_fast": 18.3, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Rampur", "name_hi": "रामपुर", "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "town", "osm": "way/49397577", "lon": 77.624311, "lat": 31.438696, "km": 113.49, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 236.5, "arrival_min_fast": 189.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 17, "at_risk": 7 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 7, "at_risk": 0 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 0 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 1, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "frozen_or_snow", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "kya-tso", "name": "Kya Tso", "name_hi": "क्या त्सो", "lat": 32.7219, "lon": 77.413, "aoi_radius_m": 1500, "district": "Lahaul and Spiti", "basin": "Bhaga (Chenab)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Seed from OSM way 842692655.", "sources": [ "https://telanganatoday.com/iit-researchers-identify-nine-rapidly-expanding-glacial-lakes-in-himachal", "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/842692655" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 96700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7500.0, "coverage": 0.924, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 92900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7300.0, "coverage": 0.978, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 92200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7100.0, "coverage": 0.951, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 92500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7200.0, "coverage": 0.989, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 93000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7200.0, "coverage": 0.98, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 93100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7300.0, "coverage": 0.981, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 91400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7100.0, "coverage": 0.983, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 92200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 91000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7300.0, "coverage": 0.952, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 91500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7100.0, "coverage": 0.978, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_43SGS_20260821_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260826_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260905_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20260912_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260915_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260925_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-21", "2026-08-26", "2026-09-05", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-25", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 96700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7500.0, "coverage": 0.924, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 91500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7100.0, "coverage": 0.978, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 24.6, "level": "moderate", "volume_m3": 1154121, "peak_discharge_m3s": 1176, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 1176, "peak_severe_m3s": 1176, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 1176, "peak_severe_m3s": 1176, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1176, "severe": 1176 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Manali-Leh", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/633893411", "lon": 77.434328, "lat": 32.797707, "km": 9.81, "lateral_m": 540, "arrival_min_expected": 20.3, "arrival_min_fast": 16.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "first_settlement": null, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 10, "at_risk": 6 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 0 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.02, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "lam-dal", "name": "Lam Dal", "name_hi": "लम डल", "lat": 32.3357, "lon": 76.3321, "aoi_radius_m": 1500, "district": "Kangra / Chamba", "basin": "Ravi", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Largest glacial lake on the Dhauladhar (OSM way 62047916), 0.18 km2 in 2025, seed placed from imagery. IIT Mandi names a 'Kalikund' (Kangra/Chamba) among nine fast-growing lakes, but the two OSM Kali Kund ponds nearby are far too small for the reported ~120,000 m2 growth, so we monitor Lam Dal and do not attribute that figure to it.", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/62047916", "https://telanganatoday.com/iit-researchers-identify-nine-rapidly-expanding-glacial-lakes-in-himachal" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 218600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 22000.0, "coverage": 0.972, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 167700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 24100.0, "coverage": 0.279, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 254200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 22400.0, "coverage": 0.85, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 225700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 21300.0, "coverage": 0.997, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 236000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 22500.0, "coverage": 0.98, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 252100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 31800.0, "coverage": 0.536, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 231900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 21800.0, "coverage": 0.894, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 222100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 20700.0, "coverage": 0.997, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 247500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 21400.0, "coverage": 0.962, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 226200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 20800.0, "coverage": 0.978, "scenes_clear": 8, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_43SFR_20260824_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260829_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260908_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260913_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260918_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260923_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20261003_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20261008_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-24", "2026-08-29", "2026-09-08", "2026-09-13", "2026-09-18", "2026-09-23", "2026-10-03", "2026-10-08" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 218600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 22000.0, "coverage": 0.972, "scenes_clear": 6 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 226200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 20800.0, "coverage": 0.978, "scenes_clear": 8 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-08", "score": 27.0, "level": "moderate", "volume_m3": 4172658, "peak_discharge_m3s": 4163, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 2324, "peak_severe_m3s": 4163, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.75, "peak_expected_m3s": 2324, "peak_severe_m3s": 4163, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 2324, "severe": 4163 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Barehi Trail", "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "footbridge", "osm": "way/57755238", "lon": 76.298986, "lat": 32.438934, "km": 15.45, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 32.3, "arrival_min_fast": 25.8, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Kalsuin", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "village", "osm": "node/716318444", "lon": 76.211719, "lat": 32.475932, "km": 36.29, "lateral_m": 3, "arrival_min_expected": 75.5, "arrival_min_fast": 60.4, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 14, "at_risk": 6 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 6, "at_risk": 0 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 1 }, "health": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 }, "school": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 3, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "frozen_or_snow", "latest_day": "2026-10-18" } }, { "id": "manimahesh-lake", "name": "Manimahesh Lake", "name_hi": "मणिमहेश झील", "lat": 32.3949, "lon": 76.63725, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Chamba", "basin": "Budhil (Ravi)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from OSM way 62067190 and checked against 2025 Sentinel-2 (0.0028 km2).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/62067190" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 3300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1500.0, "coverage": 0.976, "scenes_clear": 4 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1100.0, "coverage": 0.949, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 2900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 3000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 3200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 2800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 2600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1400.0, "coverage": 0.908, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 3300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1400.0, "coverage": 0.988, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_43SFR_20260824_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260829_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260908_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SFR_20260912_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260913_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_43SFR_20260923_0_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20260925_1_L2A", "S2B_43SFR_20261005_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-24", "2026-08-29", "2026-09-08", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-13", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-23", "2026-09-25", "2026-10-05" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 3300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1400.0, "coverage": 0.988, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-05", "score": 0.0, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 10312, "peak_discharge_m3s": 96, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 96, "peak_severe_m3s": 96, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 179.75, "peak_expected_m3s": 96, "peak_severe_m3s": 96, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 96, "severe": 96 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "footbridge", "osm": "way/732589855", "lon": 76.615464, "lat": 32.415719, "km": 3.8, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 7.8, "arrival_min_fast": 6.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Hadsar", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "village", "osm": "way/732589859", "lon": 76.615132, "lat": 32.450179, "km": 8.62, "lateral_m": 20, "arrival_min_expected": 18.2, "arrival_min_fast": 14.6, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 16, "at_risk": 10 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 6, "at_risk": 1 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 4, "at_risk": 0 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 1, "at_risk": 4 }, "health": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "too_small", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "mantalai-lake", "name": "Mantalai Lake", "name_hi": "मंतलाई झील", "lat": 31.86721, "lon": 77.77967, "aoi_radius_m": 1000, "district": "Kullu", "basin": "Parbati (Beas)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Well-known high-altitude lake; seed placed from 2025 Sentinel-2 water 260 m from the Mantalai temple (OSM node 4383748797; the lake itself is not mapped as water in OSM) and checked against 2025 Sentinel-2 (0.0096 km2).", "sources": [ "https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/4383748797" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 1000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1000.0, "coverage": 0.042, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 5100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 6300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4600.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 8000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 10800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "not_found", "area_m2": null, "uncertainty_m2": null, "coverage": null, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 4000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 3400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 3500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 2500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 2200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 2400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_43SGR_20260816_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260821_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20260826_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20260905_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGR_20260912_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20260925_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGR_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-16", "2026-08-21", "2026-08-26", "2026-09-05", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 1000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 1000.0, "coverage": 0.042, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 2200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 2400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 0.0, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 5798, "peak_discharge_m3s": 71, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 71, "peak_severe_m3s": 71, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 71, "peak_severe_m3s": 71, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 71, "severe": 71 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "footbridge", "osm": "way/575543972", "lon": 77.600519, "lat": 31.96952, "km": 28.41, "lateral_m": 34, "arrival_min_expected": 59.4, "arrival_min_fast": 47.5, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Manikaran", "name_hi": "मणिकर्ण", "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "town", "osm": "node/4397107911", "lon": 77.346407, "lat": 32.027321, "km": 57.17, "lateral_m": 66, "arrival_min_expected": 119.3, "arrival_min_fast": 95.4, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 15, "at_risk": 26 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 3 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 4 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 10, "at_risk": 0 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "too_small", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "padma-tso", "name": "Padma Tso", "name_hi": "पद्म त्सो", "lat": 32.7226, "lon": 77.33, "aoi_radius_m": 1200, "district": "Lahaul and Spiti", "basin": "Bhaga (Chenab)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; named Padma Tso in OpenStreetMap (way 958340728).", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 43200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6900.0, "coverage": 0.705, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 70100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 73900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 7 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 79800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 83100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9000.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 85600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 87900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 96000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 102400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 105900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9700.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_43SGS_20260816_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260826_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20260912_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260925_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-16", "2026-08-26", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 43200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6900.0, "coverage": 0.705, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 105900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9700.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 28.9, "level": "moderate", "volume_m3": 1420318, "peak_discharge_m3s": 1391, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 1312, "peak_severe_m3s": 1391, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 153.25, "peak_expected_m3s": 1312, "peak_severe_m3s": 1391, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1312, "severe": 1391 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "road_bridge", "osm": "way/310321837", "lon": 77.213792, "lat": 32.675581, "km": 19.2, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 40.1, "arrival_min_fast": 32.1, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Bhiyari", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/8624123539", "lon": 76.721678, "lat": 32.668054, "km": 88.25, "lateral_m": 71, "arrival_min_expected": 183.9, "arrival_min_fast": 147.1, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 16, "at_risk": 4 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 4, "at_risk": 0 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.077, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "parbati-kheerganga", "name": "Lake above Kheerganga (Parbati)", "name_hi": "खीरगंगा के ऊपर की झील (पार्वती)", "lat": 31.9144, "lon": 77.5256, "aoi_radius_m": 1500, "district": "Kullu", "basin": "Parbati (Beas)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; no name in OpenStreetMap. Drains to the Parbati, past Kasol, Manikaran and Bhuntar into the Beas.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 112700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9900.0, "coverage": 0.819, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 121400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10100.0, "coverage": 0.044, "scenes_clear": 2 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 125700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10700.0, "coverage": 0.995, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 120800.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 124000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 107700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10500.0, "coverage": 0.193, "scenes_clear": 6 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 130100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 124000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 130900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11000.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 129300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11300.0, "coverage": 0.999, "scenes_clear": 8, "scene_ids": [ "S2C_43SGR_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGR_20260912_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20260925_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20260930_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGR_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGR_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGR_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-09-30", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 112700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 9900.0, "coverage": 0.819, "scenes_clear": 5 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 129300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11300.0, "coverage": 0.999, "scenes_clear": 8 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 31.9, "level": "moderate", "volume_m3": 1885833, "peak_discharge_m3s": 1856, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 1525, "peak_severe_m3s": 1856, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 1525, "peak_severe_m3s": 1856, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 1525, "severe": 1856 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "bridge", "subkind": "footbridge", "osm": "way/575543981", "lon": 77.566178, "lat": 31.978606, "km": 8.78, "lateral_m": 0, "arrival_min_expected": 18.2, "arrival_min_fast": 14.6, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Manikaran", "name_hi": "मणिकर्ण", "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "town", "osm": "node/4397107911", "lon": 77.346407, "lat": 32.027321, "km": 33.85, "lateral_m": 66, "arrival_min_expected": 70.3, "arrival_min_fast": 56.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 30, "at_risk": 15 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 7 }, "road": { "in_flood_path": 12, "at_risk": 0 }, "hydro": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 2 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.105, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "pareechu-tibet", "name": "Lake on the Pareechu (Tibet)", "name_hi": "पारेछू नदी पर झील (तिब्बत)", "lat": 32.326, "lon": 78.7247, "aoi_radius_m": 1200, "district": "Tibet (China), upstream of Kinnaur", "basin": "Pareechu (Spiti, Sutlej)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; no name in OpenStreetMap. Cross-border: drains through the Pareechu into the Spiti at Sumdo and on to the Sutlej, where satellites are the only eyes.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 47600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 16500.0, "coverage": 0.467, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 21000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 31500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 26100.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 27600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 13300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 27200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 10900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 26200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 4500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 53900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 6800.0, "coverage": 0.992, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 43900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_44SKA_20260816_0_L2A", "S2A_44SKA_20260823_1_L2A", "S2C_44SKA_20260831_0_L2A", "S2C_44SKA_20260910_0_L2A", "S2C_44SKA_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_44SKA_20260925_0_L2A", "S2C_44SKA_20260930_0_L2A", "S2A_44SKA_20261002_1_L2A", "S2B_44SKA_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_44SKA_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-16", "2026-08-23", "2026-08-31", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-09-30", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 47600.0, "uncertainty_m2": 16500.0, "coverage": 0.467, "scenes_clear": 5 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 43900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 5800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 10.4, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 406755, "peak_discharge_m3s": 677, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 677, "peak_severe_m3s": 677, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.0, "peak_expected_m3s": 677, "peak_severe_m3s": 677, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "scenarios_identical": true, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 677, "severe": 677 }, "first_exposed": { "name": null, "name_hi": null, "kind": "road", "subkind": "tertiary", "osm": "way/404596856", "lon": 78.716357, "lat": 32.115196, "km": 36.0, "lateral_m": 11, "arrival_min_expected": 75.0, "arrival_min_fast": 60.0, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Sumdo", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "village", "osm": "node/299646431", "lon": 78.606212, "lat": 32.052504, "km": 54.66, "lateral_m": 199, "arrival_min_expected": 114.1, "arrival_min_fast": 91.2, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "exposed_counts": { "road": { "in_flood_path": 8, "at_risk": 0 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 0, "at_risk": 1 }, "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 6, "at_risk": 4 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": null, "status": "too_small", "latest_day": null } }, { "id": "samudra-tapu", "name": "Samudra Tapu", "name_hi": "समुद्र टापू झील", "lat": 32.499, "lon": 77.548, "aoi_radius_m": 3000, "district": "Lahaul and Spiti", "basin": "Chandra (Chenab)", "kind": "proglacial", "notes": "Seed from OSM way 252201656 (Samudri Tapu).", "sources": [ "https://argusenglish.in/weather-calamities/195-glof-ticking-in-india-govt-pulls-up-socks-for-202730-risk-window-special-report", "https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/252201656" ], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 1334700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 56900.0, "coverage": 0.934, "scenes_clear": 1 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1368900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 46500.0, "coverage": 0.999, "scenes_clear": 5 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1378900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 49100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1408300.0, "uncertainty_m2": 50200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1452500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 47900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1494200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 51900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1545200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 49800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1564200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 52200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1626500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 54300.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1645900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 55700.0, "coverage": 0.992, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2B_43SGS_20260905_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20260912_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260915_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260925_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260930_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-09-05", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-15", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-09-30", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "partial", "area_m2": 1334700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 56900.0, "coverage": 0.934, "scenes_clear": 1 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 1645900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 55700.0, "coverage": 0.992, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 62.0, "level": "very_high", "volume_m3": 69875710, "peak_discharge_m3s": 73143, "peak_discharge_relation": "huggel2002: Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017", "peak_expected_m3s": 10347, "peak_severe_m3s": 73143, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53" }, "downstream": { "path_km": 150.5, "peak_expected_m3s": 10347, "peak_severe_m3s": 73143, "peak_relations": { "expected": "Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "severe": "Qmax = 0.00077 V^1.017" }, "scenarios_identical": false, "peak_m3s": { "expected": 10347, "severe": 73143 }, "first_exposed": { "name": "Kaza-Grampoo Road", "name_hi": null, "kind": "road", "subkind": "trunk", "osm": "way/819981973", "lon": 77.61924, "lat": 32.363136, "km": 19.2, "lateral_m": 44, "arrival_min_expected": 40.1, "arrival_min_fast": 32.1, "scenarios": null, "status": "at_risk" }, "first_settlement": { "name": "Chhatru", "name_hi": null, "kind": "settlement", "subkind": "hamlet", "osm": "node/4547791440", "lon": 77.365342, "lat": 32.319454, "km": 56.81, "lateral_m": 44, "arrival_min_expected": 118.2, "arrival_min_fast": 94.6, "scenarios": null, "status": "in_flood_path" }, "exposed_counts": { "road": { "in_flood_path": 11, "at_risk": 5 }, "bridge": { "in_flood_path": 16, "at_risk": 10 }, "settlement": { "in_flood_path": 2, "at_risk": 2 } }, "exposure_gaps_km": [] }, "drain": { "as_of": "2026-10-19", "drained": false, "drop_fraction": 0.012, "status": "ok", "latest_day": "2026-10-10" } }, { "id": "sarchu-tal", "name": "Sarchu Tal", "name_hi": "सरचू ताल", "lat": 32.7926, "lon": 77.5027, "aoi_radius_m": 1200, "district": "Lahaul / Ladakh", "basin": "Tsarap (Zanskar)", "kind": "glacial", "notes": "Found by the 2025 high-altitude sweep (aahat sweep) and placed from Sentinel-2 imagery; named Sarchu Tal in OpenStreetMap.", "sources": [], "years": [ { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 104500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11400.0, "coverage": 0.976, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2018, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 129500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11800.0, "coverage": 0.999, "scenes_clear": 3 }, { "year": 2019, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 92400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11500.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2020, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 63500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 7900.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2021, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 65000.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8100.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2022, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 82900.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10800.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2023, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 92200.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 8 }, { "year": 2024, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 66700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 8400.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, { "year": 2025, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 115700.0, "uncertainty_m2": 12200.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 9 }, { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 81400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10700.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10, "scene_ids": [ "S2A_43SGS_20260823_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260826_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260831_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260910_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20260912_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20260920_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20260925_0_L2A", "S2A_43SGS_20261002_0_L2A", "S2B_43SGS_20261005_0_L2A", "S2C_43SGS_20261010_0_L2A" ], "scene_days": [ "2026-08-23", "2026-08-26", "2026-08-31", "2026-09-10", "2026-09-12", "2026-09-20", "2026-09-25", "2026-10-02", "2026-10-05", "2026-10-10" ] } ], "first": { "year": 2017, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 104500.0, "uncertainty_m2": 11400.0, "coverage": 0.976, "scenes_clear": 3 }, "latest": { "year": 2026, "status": "ok", "area_m2": 81400.0, "uncertainty_m2": 10700.0, "coverage": 1.0, "scenes_clear": 10 }, "risk": { "as_of_season": 2026, "data_until": "2026-10-10", "score": 15.6, "level": "low", "volume_m3": 977507, "peak_discharge_m3s": 1077, "peak_discharge_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 0.72 V^0.53", "peak_expected_m3s": 1077, "peak_severe_m3s": 1077, "peak_expected_relation": "evans1986: Qmax = 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